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ID Design 2012/DOOEL Skopje, Republic of Macedonia

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences.

http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2016.086
eISSN: 1857-9655

Review Article

 

 

Etiopathogenesis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas


 

Tanja Makazlieva*, Olivija Vaskova, Venjamin Majstorov


Institute of Pathophysiology and Nuclear Medicine "Akademik Isak Tadzer", Medical Faculty, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia

 

Abstract

 

 

INTRODUCTION: Thyroid malignomas are a heterogeneous group of neoplasm consisting of most frequent differentiated encountered carcinomas, papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma, then medullary thyroid carcinoma originating from neuroendocrine calcitonin-producing C-cells and rare forms of thyroid lymphomas arising from intrathyroidal lymphatic tissue, thyroid sarcomas and poorly differentiated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. There are increasing numbers of epidemiological studies and publications that have suggested increased incidence rate of thyroid carcinomas. We have read, analysed and compare available reviews and original articles investigating different etiological factors in the development of thyroid carcinomas through Google Scholar and PubMed Database.

DISCUSSION: Aetiology involved in the development of thyroid carcinomas is multifactorial and includes external influences, as well as constitutional predispositions and genetic etiological factors. The actual effect of environmental and constitutional factors is on promoting genetic and epigenetic alterations which result in cell proliferation and oncogenesis. Until now are identified numerous genetic alterations, assumed to have an important role in oncogenesis, with MAPK and PI3K-AKT as crucial signalling networks regulating growth, proliferation, differentiation and cell survival/apoptosis.

CONCLUSION: This new molecular insight could have a crucial impact on diagnosis and also on improving and selecting an appropriate treatment to the patients with thyroid malignancies.
 

..................

Citation: Makazlieva T, Vaskova O, Majstorov V. Etiopathogenesis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2016.086
Keywords: Papillary thyroid carcinoma; Follicular thyroid carcinoma; radiation exposure; MAPK signalling network; PI3K-AKT pathway.
*Correspondence: Tanja Makazlieva. Institute of Pathophysiology and Nuclear Medicine "Akademik Isak Tadzer", Medical Faculty, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. E- mail: tmakazlieva@gmail.com
Received: 20-Jun-2016; Revised: 20-Jul-2016; Accepted: 22-Jul-2016; Online first: 02-Aug-2016
Copyright: © 2016 Tanja Makazlieva, Olivija Vaskova, Venjamin Majstorov. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

 

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Published by: Id Design 2012/DOOEL Skopje, Republic of Macedonia


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