Emilija Velkova*
Institute of Transfusion Medicine in Republic of Macedonia, Vodnjanska
17, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
AIM: Prompt discovery of allosensibilisation to RBC’s antigens during
pregnancy and successful management of HDFN in Republic of Macedonia, in
order to decrease morbidity and mortality of the fetus and the newborn.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprises in total 23,800 patients,
14,858 pregnant women and 8,842 newborn babies.
RESULTS: The screening and identification of anti RBC’s antibodies
detected in total 216 alloantibodies, out of which 81% (175) had a clinical
significance. Out of the above mentioned 164 alloantibodies (65.9%) belong
to the Rh system. The most often reason for a severe hemolytic disease is
the anti-D antibody. The HDFN symptoms of mild and moderate degree
demonstrated 32.5%, and 18.9% had symptoms of severe fetal suffering, and
almost half of them (48%) were with or with mild HDFN and had no need of
therapy. In 15% it was about alloantibodies of other Rg antigens: anti-C,
anti-E and anti-c, at which in most cases there were no signs of HDFN, or it
showed weak symptoms (89%), just one case of anti-c ended with intrauterine
death.
CONCLUSIONS: Anti D antibody represents the most often reason for
severe HDFN and displays a need of intrauterine transfusion and exsangvino
transfusion. Anti-c is the only antibody that demonstrated the same
potential for severe HBN as the anti-D. The most often reason for
alloimmunisation of the mother is the lack of RhIG prophylaxis (97.8):
postnatal, antenatal and in case of possible sensible conditions during
pregnancy. Thus, there is a need and an outmost importance of elaboration
and adoption of the National programe for RhIG prophylaxis in Republic of
Macedonia.
..................
Citation: Velkova E. The Significance of
Imunohematology Research in Relation to Menagement of Hemolitical Diseases
of the Newborn in Republic of Macedonia. Maced J Med Sci. 2014 Sep 15;
7(3):456-460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/MJMS.1857-5773.2014.0428.
Key words: аllosensibilisation; alloantibody; Haemolitic Desease of
the Foetus and Newborn; immunization; Red Blood Cells; antenatal –
postnatal; profilaxis; IgIG (hyperimun gamaglobulin).
*Correspondence: Dr. Emilija Velkova, MD. Institute of Transfusion
Medicine, Vodnjanska 17, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. Tel.: +389 2
3226 923. E-mail: emavelkova@yahoo.com
Received: 05-May-2014; Revised: 18-May-2014; Accepted: 03-Jul-2014; Online
first: 16-Jul-2014
Copyright: © 2014 Velkova E. This is an open access article
distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing
interests exist.
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