Ocimum Gratissimum Linn Worsens Streptozotocin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Diabetic Wistar Rats

Adejoke Y. Onaolapo¹, Olakunle J. Onaolapo², Stephen O. Adewole³

¹Department of Human Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; ²Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; ³Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

Effects of ethanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves (O. gratissimum) on the kidneys in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied. Thirty-six adult rats were assigned into six groups (A, B, C, D, E and F) of six rats each. Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin. Group A (non diabetic control) and F (diabetic control) received normal saline orally, group B received a Metformin at 25 mg/kg while groups C, D and E had O. gratissimum at 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg. Body weight and fasting blood glucose levels were monitored weekly; blood levels of Creatinine (Cr) and Urea (U) were measured on day twenty eight. Animals were sacrificed and kidney sections processed for histological study. Statistical analysis was carried out using a one way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc test. Results showed significant reduction in body weight and blood glucose levels in the groups that received either metformin or O. gratissimum as well as dose dependent increase in blood urea and creatinine levels, histopathology revealed varying degrees of renal injury. The study concluded that O. gratissimum worsens diabetes induced renal injury.

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Citation: Onaolapo AY, Onaolapo OJ, Adewole SO. Ocimum Gratissimum Linn Worsens Streptozotocin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Diabetic Wistar Rats. Maced J Med Sci. 2012 Dec 15; 5(4):382-388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/MJMS.1957-5773.2012.0244.
Key words: Ocimum gratissimum; Streptozotocin; Diabetes Mellitus; Nephrotoxicity; Kidney.
Correspondence: Adejoke Y. Onaolapo. Department of Human Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. Phone number: 2348062240434. E-mail: olakunleonaolapo@yahoo.co.uk, adegbayibiy@yahoo.com
Received: 20-Feb-2012; Revised: 20-May-2012; Accepted: 23-May-2012; Online first: 18-Oct-2012
Copyright: © 2012 Onaolapo AY. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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