Comparing Preterm and Term Newborns Serum Adiponectin and Leptin Concentrations and their Correlations with Anthropometric Parameters

Snezhana Palchevska¹, Marija Krstevska², Elena Shukarova¹, Natasha Aluloska¹, Marija Jakimoska³, Dragoslav Kocevski⁴ and Mirjana Kocova¹

¹Department of Neonatology, Department of Endocrinology and Genetics, Pediatric Clinic, Medical Faculty, University “Ss Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia; ²Department of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, University “Ss Cyril and Methodius”, Medical School, Skopje,Republic of Macedonia; ³Neonatal Unit, Gynecology Clinic, Medical Faculty, University “Ss Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia; ⁴Faculty for Agricultural Science and Food, University “Ss Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia

Introduction: Serum adipocytokines concentration, their mutual relationship and correlations with anthropometric data could be indicators of fetal and neonatal growth maturity level in term and preterm infants.
Objectives: Study was designed to assess the correlation of the anthropometric parameters with leptin and adiponectin levels in healthy preterm and term newborns.

Design and Methods: A cohort of 110 neonates of both sexes, born pre term (PT) (n=36) or at term (AT) (n=74, additionally classified as AT-AGA (n=36), AT-SGA (n=18), AT-LGA (n=20) and PT-AGA (n=24), PT-SGA (n=12), according to the Lubchenco curves Mother Body Mass Index-MBMI, Birth Weight-BW, Birth Length-BL, Body Weight/Body Length ratio-BW/BL, Body Mass Index-BMI, Ponderal Index-PI, was recorded after birth.

Results: Sex has no influence on mean serum leptin and adiponectin level. However, differences between AT and PT groups were highly (p<0.01) significant (2.20 ± 1.02; 30.77 ± 22.64 and 1.24 ± 0.35; 9.44 ± 4.82 ng/mL, respectively). Significant difference was found in adiponectin levels between AT-AGA and AT-LGA compared to AT-SGA subgroup (32.8 ± 25.41 and 43.40 ± 16.98 vs 12.67 ± 2.45 ng/mL, respectively, (p<0.01; p<0.01). There was a significant difference between leptin levels (1.93 ± 0.70; 1.71 ± 0.53 vs 3.12 ± 1.27 ng/mL) in AT-AGA and AT-SGA compared to AT-LGA newborns, respectively, (p<0.01; p<0.01). No significant differences were found in leptin and adiponectin levels neather between PT subgroups (1.30 ± 0.38 ng/mL) nor between PT group and AT-SGA (1.71 ± 0.53 ng/mL) subgroup. Leptin and adiponectin levels were positively correlated with all anthropometric parameters: BW, BL, BW/BL, BMI, and PI (p<0.05).

Conclusion: These results indicate that the stage of body growth maturity is positively correlated to adipocytokines involved in fetal growth regulation.

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Citation: Palchevska S, Krstevska M, Shukarova E, Aluloska N, Jakimoska M, Kocevski D, Kocova M. Comparing Preterm and Term Newborns Serum Adiponectin and Leptin Concentrations and their Correlations with Anthropometric Parameters. Maced J Med Sci. 2012 Oct 15; 5(3):317-323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/MJMS.1857-5773.2012.0264.
Key words: leptin; adiponektin; anthropometric parameters; preterm; term newborn.
Correspondence: Dr. Palchevska Snezhana. Pediatric Clinic, Medical Faculty, University “Ss Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. E-mail: zanpal@hotmail.com
Received: 26-May-2012; Revised: 07-Sep-2012; Accepted: 27-Sep-2012; Online first: 02-Oct-2012
Copyright: © 2012 Palchevska S. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Competing Interests: The author have declared that no competing interests exist.

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