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Abstract
[Full-Text
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Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2010 Mar 15;
3(1):9-16.
doi:10.3889/MJMS.1857-5773.2010.0080
Basic Science
Protective Effect of Either Dietary or Pharmaceutical n-3 Fatty Acids on Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Rats
Zakaria El-Khayat1, Wafaa I. Rasheed1, Tahany R. Elias1, Jihan Hussein1, Fatma Oraby1,
Manal Badawi2, Soheir Salem1
1Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Center (NRC), Tahreer Street Doki, Cairo 002, Egypt;
2Pathology Department NRC, Cairo 002, Egypt
Background: Evidence suggests that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)
are beneficial for maintenance of bone health and possibly bone development.
Aim: To emphasize the effect of using either dietary flaxseed oil that
was given as the sole source of fat in the diet, or orally given
pharmaceutical omega-3 together with corn oil in preventing the development
of osteoporosis among female surgically ovariectomized rats.
Materials and Methods: Seventy two female white albino rats were used in
this study, they all fed basal diet. They were divided into six groups:
normal control (NC), sham (SH), ovariectomized (OVX), OVX received oral
ethinyl estradiol (0.1 mg/kg bw/day), OVX fed with flaxseed oil (50 g/kg
diet), OVX supplemented with Pharmaceutical omega-3 (30
mg/kg bw/day).
All the groups were tested for bone turnover parameters (alkaline
phosphatase, osteocalcin and insulin-like growth factor-1 for bone formation
and deoxypyridinoline for bone resorption). Serum calcium and phosphorus
were also determined and their excised femur bones were subjected for DEXA
analysis and histopathological examination.
Results: In OVX rats serum calcium was reduced significantly (p<0.01),
while plasma osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and urinary
deoxypyridinoline were increased significantly (p<0.01) above those of sham
and normal control. On either feeding with flaxseed oil or oral
supplementation with pharmaceutical omega -3, the level of all these
parameters were significantly changed towards normal (p<0.01). Both bone
mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) were reduced in the OVX
group, significant improvement was obtained after supplementation with
flaxseed oil, omega-3 or treatment with estradiol.
Conclusion:
Supplementation of n-3 fatty acids improved bone health and prevent
osteoporosis in the ovariectomized animals.
Key words: Osteoporosis;
Ovariectomized rats; Flaxseed oil; Omega-3.
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